Laos was part of French-controlled Indochina for decades. However, the United States entered into the Vietnam War in 1961, and soon after the United States became involved in the war, a secret war in Laos began. The CIA was responsible for a covert operation against Pathet Lao communists.
Although the CIA's mission to Laos was deterring the communist threat, it also recruited tens-of thousands of Hmong fighters in order to complete the campaign. The war was a guerrilla one, but it had a humanitarian component. In southern Laos, a special force, known as the Special Guerrilla Unit was formed. These units were used in an attack on North Vietnamese soldiers. In the end, these units were defeated, and the United States withdrew from Laos after the Vietnam War ended.
This secret war in Laos marked the beginning of the CIA's history. Its estimated budget was $3 billion. The number of CIA contractors working in Laos grew 2000% over the course of the decade.
Many Lao pro-American Laos were murdered or forced to live as prisoners in prison camps. Others were taken into the jungle by guards. Some families were wiped out for good. Those who survived were left to live at night in caves or on farms.
Sometimes the CIA managed the battle strategy. Most of the time however, it was left to locals. Many villages were destroyed and thousands of civilians were killed by the CIA's aerial attacks.
During the "Secret War," thousands of Lao patriots were massacred. The United States pulled its troops out of South Vietnam in the aftermath of the war. Laos also lost their financial support. The CIA was unable operate as before.
Therefore, the CIA decided it was necessary to establish a clandestine Hmong military. It was a way for the CIA to get around the Geneva Accords' ban on direct military assistance. Many Laos believed that the Communists were trying to overtake the nation, and they resisted.
During World War II, the CIA established "Lima Sites" (or ports of entry) throughout the country to transport supplies and Hmong troops. One of the most important Lima Sites was LS-36. Another important site is LS-20A.
The CIA ultimately decided to evacuate Laos from the conflict. After the Paris Peace Treaty ended the Vietnam War and the United States stopped providing military and financial support to Laos. In the end, the CIA's Laos operation was a success. The CIA helped to stop Laos' spread of communism.
The Secret War in Laos involved a complex and messy process. The CIA's efforts at fighting the communist threat to Laos were successful. But it was a huge disaster for American relations with Lao government.
Although the US-led Secret War in Laos is now over, its legacy can still cause havoc. Numerous UXOs continue to litter the country's rural areas. Khamvongsa is lobbying the US for help to solve this problem. He is now working on a new book about the war, which focuses on the key characters in the Laos conflict.
FAQ
How does the brain control the functions in your body?
The brain sends messages to other organs and muscles to ensure they work together. The brain controls everything that happens in your body. It tells your stomach to digest food and your lungs to breathe air; it tells your arms and legs to move.
Your brain is made of billions, or neurons, of nerve cells. Neurons communicate with each other by sending electrical signals called action potentials on axons. Each neuron has a cell membrane surrounding its nucleus. The cell membrane houses channels that allow ions, such as potassium and sodium, to enter and exit the cells. Ion movement is what causes the neurons to fire.
When a neuron fires, chemicals called neurotransmitters are released into the space between the neuron and the next neuron. Neurotransmitters attach to the receptors of the second neuron and open ions channels for ions to pass in and out. As a result, second neuron fires as well.
When another neuron sends an impulse to the presynaptic neural cell, neurotransmitter is released. The impulse travels along the synapse connecting the two neurons. The transmitter binds at the receptors of the post-synaptic Neuron and triggers its firing.
The nervous system relies on neurotransmitters for communication. They coordinate activity between the different parts of your brain.
What is the most fascinating fact about the human body
There are two eyes, two ears. Two nostrils. Four limbs. A mouth, nose and penis. Yes, more than 50 parts to our bodies. But one thing is missing. A heart.
The heart is a pump which circulates blood throughout the body. The blood flows through the veins and arteries to carry oxygen and nutrients to the cells.
The heart pumps about 5 liters blood per minute. This is equivalent to a person drinking 2-3 cups coffee daily.
Blood flows throughout the heart 24 hours per day, 365 Days a Year. While sleeping, your heart beats close to 100 times per minute.
Skin color can be used to determine if someone has a medical condition. Looking closely at the skin's surface, you can see tiny blood vessels called capillaries. These tiny vessels transport blood from the larger blood vessels to the heart. The skin becomes blue-colored or purple when blood flow is restricted.
Red blood cells are missing in people with sickle-cell disease. Their blood becomes sticky and hardens, causing them to become very ill.
A bandage can be used to stop bleeding if you have cut your own skin. For the wound to heal properly, blood must continue to flow. Doctors insert a needle into the injured area through the skin. This allows the blood from the injured area to drain.
The doctor may also insert catheters (catheters), into the artery at the site of the blood clot. This keeps the patient alive until the clot breaks up naturally.
What is the most secretive town in the world?
This question might surprise you. You might be uncomfortable with the truth of it, as it may challenge your perception of reality. But there is a reason that this place exists. It isn't what you would expect.
The ancient Greeks called it the City of God. It was called the City of Destruction by the Bible.
It is also called Kashi in India (Kashmir). It is also called Novgorod in Russia.
Here in America, however, it is called The Village That Disappeared.
One small New York State town with just 1,200 people vanished. With the exception of a road marker pointing to its former site, there were no remains: cars, bodies, houses.
The little village vanished, with no trace of its existence. Some believe it was swallowed by the earth. Others claim that a meteorite hit destroyed it. Others believe that aliens took it.
Whatever happened, the residents of this once-thriving community are convinced that their town isn't gone forever. They had just moved from one town to the other.
Even a website exists to help track down the disappearances of the lost city Zugspitz.
The question is, where did this place go? It's in Switzerland, actually!
The border of Austria and Germany is at Zugspitze. A huge lake, Lake Zugspitze, is located just beyond the summit.
It has always fascinated me that so many towns have disappeared, yet some still remain. Why does some vanish while others remain? I decided to investigate.
I was interested in learning more about these mysterious towns that are disappearing. Is it possible for a place to vanish? How can a town disappear from existence?
It turned out that there are many theories about disappearing towns. One theory states that a town vanishes when all its buildings are destroyed. Another theory states that the town simply moves to another location. Another theory suggests that the town has never existed.
The fact is that hundreds of towns all over the world have been swept away by the ground, despite theories to the contrary. This video looks into the history of those places and investigates their current status.
What is the reason actors are blacklisted?
As an actor, rejection is much more common than for writers. If you're an actor, you'll probably get rejected a lot. However, it doesn't really matter as you will eventually meet someone who is truly your love.
Actors can often make a living from acting because they are very talented. Actors don't really care about making money. Actors enjoy acting and telling stories. So if you're an actor, chances are you're going to put yourself out there.
Sometimes you may be told by the audition panel that you are too young, too old, or wrong for the role. Or you might audition for a movie and lose out to another person. That happens a lot.
After you've been cast, there may be criticism. Some people will say that you look awful or shouldn't wear makeup. If you're lucky, you won't even hear negative comments.
Sometimes it's because you play a character that's not realistic or authentic. Perhaps you're a gay man who everyone believes is straight. Or maybe you play a woman who is supposed to be tough, but she cries a lot.
Or maybe you're asked to change your voice. Sometimes they ask for you to sound like a male or female. They usually want you sound better.
The best way to deal with these criticisms is to ignore them. Actors often feel that they've failed if they are told they did something wrong. However, they aren't doing anything wrong.
They just weren't born with the talent that made them famous. And sometimes, no matter how hard they try, they don't fit the bill.
Blacklisting can happen for many reasons. Some people don't like actors. Others believe actors are lazy. Others believe actors cheat.
No matter the reason, it is important to remember that you will not be blacklisted if there are other jobs available. There are plenty of roles out there, and you'll find them.
Keep trying and you will eventually succeed.
Statistics
- According to a 2018 study published in Free Radical Biology & Medicine, this is because blood pressure is regulated by our innate circadian rhythm and internal clock. (romper.com)
- "It is estimated that 75% of people have at least mild gum disease, with the most common symptoms being bleeding when brushing, bad breath, and dark and swollen gums," Dr. Ron Baise, a London-based dentist, tells Romper. (romper.com)
- It might not sound like something that's truly plausible — and it is quite rare — but according to a 2015 study published in the Asian Cardiovascular & Thoracic Annals, it's possible to hurt yourself and even break a rib just by sneezing. (romper.com)
- In fact, nearly 24% of U.S. women are affected with one or more pelvic floor disorders, according to research funded by the National Institutes of Health. (romper.com)
- The average human adult male heart rate is between 70 and 72 beats per minute, while the average for adult women is between 78 and 82 beats, which is significantly faster, according to 2014 published in the Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. (romper.com)
External Links
How To
What's the scariest movie ever made?
Ask 10 people and you'll get 10 different answers.
Some people love horror films. Others prefer sci-fi flicks. And then some prefer comedies.
No matter what your preference, all people have seen scary movies.
From the classic "Halloween" to the modern "Paranormal Activity," these are ten of the best scary movies ever made.
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"Cabin Fieve" - "Cabin Faeve" is considered one the scariest movies about zombies. It shows a virus that makes people turn into zombies.
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"Thir13en Ghosts" - Based upon the true story of serial killer Jack the Ripper, "Thirteen Ghosts" features a group of teenagers possessed by ghosts.
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"Pulse", an action thriller, is about a man that was robbed and left in his home during a violent crime spree. Only the items in his home can help him fight off his attackers.
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"The Descent," a horror movie that was made from found footage, follows a group who venture underground in search of adventure. But as soon as they arrive, things begin to go terribly wrong.
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"Get Out" was created by Jordan Peele in 2017, and is one of the scariest horror films ever made. "Get Out" tells the story of a young photographer from Africa who visits his white girlfriend's family during the holidays. Dark secrets are revealed when he arrives at his destination.
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"Paranormal Activity", (2007) - "Paranormal Activity", was the first movie made from found footage. The movie featured a new take on ghost stories starring Katie Featherston.
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"Audition" is a Japanese word that means to present yourself before an audience, and be judged. Kiyoko is high school student and waits to learn if she will become a popstar.
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James Wan's "Saw Series" - After many years of low-budget horror films, he grew tired of trying to shock the public. Jigsaw was created by Wan, who decided to take a break.
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"Tales From the Crypt", "Tales From the Crypt", "Tales From the Crypt," - "Tales From the Crypt", becomes more frightening with each passing year. Hollywood has made numerous sequels featuring the crypt keeper terrorizing various US cities over the years.
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"Carrie," 1976. "Carrie," introduced viewers to telekinesis. This powerful supernatural ability is known as "Carrie". Carrie White is able to move objects by simply thinking about them.