For decades, Laos was a part of French-controlled Indochina. The United States entered the Vietnam War in 1961. Soon after, however, a secret war began in Laos. The CIA led a covert operation against the communist Pathet Lao.
While the CIA's mission was to combat the communist threat in Laos, it also recruited tens and thousands of Hmong fighters to help carry out the campaign. It was a guerrilla war, but one with a humanitarian component. An elite force was formed in southern Laos. It was known as the Special Guerrilla Unit. These units were used to fight the North Vietnamese soldiers. These units were defeated in the end and the United States was forced to withdraw from Laos.
This secret war in Laos marked the beginning of the CIA's history. Its current budget was $3 Billion. Over the decade, the number CIA contractors increased by 2000%.
Many Lao pro-American Laos were murdered or forced to live as prisoners in prison camps. Others were taken into the jungle by guards. Some families were destroyed permanently. Those who survived were allowed to continue their lives in caves or fields at night.
Sometimes the CIA managed the battle strategy. Most of the time however, it was left to locals. The CIA's air attacks destroyed many villages and killed thousands of civilians.
Tens of thousands of Lao patriots were killed during the "Secret War." The United States pulled out from South Vietnam and Laos lost financial support. The CIA was unable and unwilling to continue its operations as before.
As a result, the CIA decided to build a clandestine army among the Hmong. It was a way to circumvent the Geneva Accords' prohibition on direct military assistance. Many Laos believed that Communists were trying overthrow the nation. They resisted.
During the war, the CIA also set up "Lima Sites," or ports of entry, throughout the country to bring in supplies and move Hmong troops. LS-36, one of the most important Lima Sites, was also one. Another important site was LS-20A.
The CIA ultimately decided to evacuate Laos from the conflict. But after the Paris Peace Treaty, which ended the Vietnam War, the United States ceased its financial and military support to Laos. The CIA's operation to end the Vietnam War in Laos was a success. The CIA helped to stop Laos' spread of communism.
The Secret War in Laos was complicated and messy. The CIA's efforts against the communist threat were successful. However, it was a catastrophe for America's relations to the Lao government.
Although the US-led Secret War in Laos is now over, its legacy can still cause havoc. Many UXOs are still littering the country's landscapes. Khamvongsa made a request to the US to eliminate this problem. Khamvongsa has begun a new book on the war which focuses specifically on the main characters involved in the Laos conflict.
FAQ
What dark secrets do Hollywood have?
Hollywood is full of secret societies. There are secret societies that are more cult-like than others. They have members who follow specific rules and rituals. While some are clubs for those with similar interests, others are not.
There are other nefarious entities that have a significant influence on the industry. Companies such as the MPAA, which determines film ratings, or the RIAA (Recording Industry Association of America), that set music licensing fees, are examples of these.
Numerous unions/guilds also represent actors and directors as well as writers, producers, and so forth. Many of the major TV networks and movie studios are owned or controlled by large corporations.
It doesn't matter how secretive a group might seem, someone somewhere knows what they are doing. We shouldn't fear these people.
Instead, we should embrace these facts. Because they provide us with information that helps us make better decisions.
They tell us what movies will likely succeed, what songs will be popular, and what books will best sell.
They allow us to make informed decisions about what we buy, watch and listen to.
We can trust them so we can ignore their advice when it doesn't suit our taste.
They become more powerful because we choose to ignore them. They become the ultimate arbiters of taste.
You can ignore them if they don't agree with you.
So now let's look at some of the lesser-known but still very real Hollywood secret societies.
You'll see why they are so important.
What is one of the most amazing facts about the human body
Two eyes, two ears and two nostrils are part of our bodies. We also have four limbs: a mouth, nose, penis, and four limbs. It's true, we have more 50 parts of our body, but there is one thing missing. A heart.
The heart is a pump which circulates blood throughout the body. Blood travels through the arteries and veins, carrying oxygen and nutrients to the cells and removing carbon dioxide and waste products.
Each minute, the heart pumps 5 liters of blood. This is equivalent of an adult drinking 2 to 3 cups of coffee each day.
The heart is constantly pumping blood, 24 hours a week, 365 day a year. While you sleep, your heart beats almost 100 times per minute.
The color of someone's skin can tell if they are healthy or not. You can see tiny blood vessels, called capillaries, when you look closely at the skin. These small vessels carry blood away from the large blood vessels in the skin back to the heart. The skin turns blue or violet when blood flow becomes blocked.
People with sickle cells lack red blood cell. Their blood becomes extremely sticky and hardened, which can lead to very serious illnesses.
Bandages are used to stop bleeding after you have cut yourself. Blood must flow in order for the wound to heal properly. Doctors insert a needle into the injured area through the skin. This allows blood drainage from the injury area.
The doctor may also insert catheters (catheters), into the artery at the site of the blood clot. This helps to keep the patient alive until the blood clot disintegrates naturally.
What is the most secretive town in the world?
It may surprise you to hear the answer. It might even make you uncomfortable because it challenges our perception of reality and how we live. But there is a reason why this place exists. And it is not what you would expect.
The ancient Greeks called it the City of God. In the Bible, it was known as the City of Destruction.
In India, it's called Kashi (Kashmir). It is called Novgorod (Russia).
But here in America, it goes by another name - The Town That Disappeared.
One small New York State town with just 1,200 people vanished. No bodies, cars, houses, nothing was left behind except a road sign pointing to its former location.
This tiny community disappeared without leaving any clues as to where it went or when. Some claim the earth swallowed it. Others claim that a meteorite hit destroyed it. Some claim that it was destroyed by a meteorite strike. Others still believe it was stolen away by aliens.
Regardless of what happened, residents of this once-thriving town are certain that their town won't be forgotten forever. They had just moved to a new town.
A website is available to track the disappearance and recovery of Zugspitz, which was lost in the Great Depression.
Then, where is it? It's actually in Switzerland!
Zugspitze is situated on the border between Germany und Austria. Just beyond the summit of the mountain is a huge lake called Lake Zugspitze.
I have always been fascinated by the fact that so many towns have vanished, but some remain. What is the difference between some towns that disappear and others that survive? I decided to investigate.
I wanted to know more about the mysterious disappearing towns. Is it possible for a place to vanish? How can one place become extinct?
There are many theories to explain the phenomenon of disappearing towns. One theory suggests that a community disappears when all of its buildings are removed. Another theory suggests that the town simply moves somewhere else. Another theory suggests that the town has never existed.
Theories aside, the fact remains that dozens of towns around the globe have been swallowed up by the ground. This video examines the history and current status of these places.
What are 5 interesting facts about the liver?
The liver is responsible for breaking down toxins and storing vitamins and minerals. It helps maintain a steady body temperature and regulates blood pressure.
What number of times have you heard someone say that they feel sluggish or heavy? These symptoms may indicate problems with the liver.
You may notice symptoms such as dark urine, yellowing skin and fatigue. These aren’t the only warning signs. If you are experiencing any of these signs, it is important to consult your doctor right away.
The liver is a vital organ. It is vital for detoxification, metabolism, immunity, reproduction, and digestion.
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An adult liver weighs around 1,400 grams.
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A baby's liver is about half the size of an adult's at birth. It is four times larger by the time an infant turns three.
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The liver is located just below the rib cage on the left side of the abdomen.
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The liver has 16 main lobes, with many smaller lobules within the lobes.
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About 10 million red blood cells are found in the liver.
Statistics
- In one 2014 study published in the Archives of Medical Science that sought to study the prevalence of these mites, research showed that 41% of the people had them hanging out in their eyelashes. (romper.com)
- Your mouth makes a lot of saliva every day It might seem like way too much, but your salivary glands typically produce anywhere from 0.5 and 1.5 liters a day, according to a 2009 study published in the Journal of Medicine and Life. (romper.com)
- In fact, nearly 24% of U.S. women are affected with one or more pelvic floor disorders, according to research funded by the National Institutes of Health. (romper.com)
- In fact, according to the American Academy of Ophthalmology, you make 15 to 30 gallons of tears each year, which is insane when you think about it. (romper.com)
- "It is estimated that 75% of people have at least mild gum disease, with the most common symptoms being bleeding when brushing, bad breath, and dark and swollen gums," Dr. Ron Baise, a London-based dentist, tells Romper. (romper.com)
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How To
Hollywood Actors and Actresses with PhDs
There are many notable names on the list of PhD holders, including Oprah Winfrey (Oprah), Bill Gates (Bill Gates), Oprah Winfrey (Stephen Hawking), Michael Jordan, Barack Obama and Bill Gates. Nikola Tesla, Charles Darwin and Isaac Newton are some of the most famous scientists. Linus Pauling is another.
Some stars have Ph.D. degrees including actor Tom Hanks and singer Barbra Streisand.
These stars received their doctorates at universities all over the world. Many of these celebrities were successful business leaders or entrepreneurs after receiving their PhDs.
Some other famous actors and actresses have PhDs include the following:
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Actor David Schwimmer received an MBA at Columbia University Business School. He also attended NYU's Tisch Academy of the Arts.
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Jennifer Aniston is an actor. She graduated with her Bachelor's degree from Dartmouth College. Harvard University granted her Master of Science in Organizational Behavior, Human Resources Management.
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Julia Roberts is an actor who studied Biology at Yale University, before obtaining her Masters of Public Administration at Georgetown University.
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Actor Edward Norton graduated from Brown University with his Bachelors of Fine Arts. He received his Doctorate in Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry from Stanford University.
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Actress Maggie Gyllenhaal graduated from Barnard College with her Bachelor of Arts in English Literature. Columbia University granted her her Master of Social Work.
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Sarah Jessica Parker, actress was awarded a Bachelor of Arts in psychology at Wellesley College. Columbia University conferred her master's degree with a clinical psychology concentration.
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Sandra Bullock, an actress, earned her Bachelor of Arts from the University of California Berkeley. She continued on to UCLA for her Masters of Education.
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Reese Witherspoon is an actress who earned her Bachelor of Arts degree in Political Science from Tulane University. The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University, gave her her Master of Foreign Affairs.
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Michelle Williams, an actress, graduated from Wesleyan University in Massachusetts with a Bachelor's degree in Arts. She went on to receive her Master of Arts Degree in Psychology from Boston University.
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Actress Shailenewoodley graduated Brigham Young University Hawaii in Hawaii with her Bachelors of Arts. Then, she went to San Francisco State University graduate school to obtain her Master's Degree in Environmental Studies.
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Will Smith is an actor who graduated from Howard University with his bachelor's degree as a Communications major. The Kellogg Graduate School of Management at Northwestern University gave him his Master of Business Administration.
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Queen Latifah is an actor. She graduated with a Bachelor in Science in Nursing from Michigan State University. She then earned her Master of Public Health from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
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Amy Adams, actress, graduated with a Bachelor's degree in Music from Juilliard School. She earned her Master of Music degree from the Manhattan School of Music.
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Halle Berry, an actress, graduated from American Conservatory Theater with a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree. She earned her Master of Fine Arts degree in acting from Carnegie Mellon University.
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Brittany Murphy was an actress. She graduated with a Bachelor of Arts (Theatre Arts) from Santa Monica High School. She then got her Masters of Fine Arts in Acting from New York Film Academy.